Diet Trends: should you be trying them?

Posted on June 3, 2024

Over the past few years, obesity has become a consistently increasing public health issue. In response to this, there is now an influx of diet trends that all give you ‘the fastest weight loss results’; and everyone on the internet is suddenly more qualified to advise you than a professional nutritionist.

Now, in no way am I saying I am an expert in nutrition, but I’d like to think my experience and knowledge in the line of work I am in makes me slightly more educated in this field than Sarah on that yummy mummy Facebook group. However, if you genuinely need detailed advice into your own personal nutrition, please seek advice from a professional (I cannot stress this enough).

Whilst fad diets have been around for several years (Atkins, Weight Watchers etc), there is now a much greater pressure to try them due to the constant celebrity endorsement we see everywhere. In my personal opinion, I believe social media can be an extremely dangerous place for someone vulnerable to this pressure. You sit on your phone, scrolling through Instagram and catching up on George’s recent holiday photos and up pops an advertisement of that amazing looking celebrity rambling on about how their fat loss coffee has given them great results within a week. Why wouldn’t you want to give it a go? Fat loss in a week, just from drinking coffee, great right? Wrong. News flash people, most of these celebrities are paid a pretty penny to be pushing these products on their followers. Now, I don’t deny that they fully deserve their brilliant figures, but that is through a lot of strength training in the gym and a calorie deficit for fat loss. Most of these before and after photos with the product are taken on exactly the same day, they just put make up on, wear more flattering clothes and find better lighting for their after picture.

In all honesty, all of these diets rely on creating a calories deficit, whether that’s through restricting carbohydrate intake, replacing meals with shakes, only eating between certain times of the day, creating ‘sins’ on certain foods; it doesn’t matter how they dress it up, they aim to make you eat less calories than you use and therefore weight loss will follow.

I’m sure you’ve probably thought which diet is best for me to lose weight at some point. We all have, you’re not alone. Well, in my opinion, the balanced diet that creates a sustainable calorie deficit for you is best. Now, remember a calorie deficit is purely burning more calories than you consume, therefore you can also create this through exercise if you are already happy with your diet, and that is perfectly okay too. Just remember, don’t beat yourself if you have a bad day and eat too many calories, life is too short for scorning yourself for that doughnut; enjoy the doughnut, just take the dog for a slightly longer walk on that day.

Here’s a few quick tips on how to avoid fad diets and poor diet advice:

Promises of quick fixes.
Recommendations of detoxes where you are to avoid certain foods.
Pushing supplements and a number of other ‘fat loss’ products onto you.
Single study or no academic research available (relying on celebrity personal success stories).
Claims of magical benefits of certain foods (e.g coffee or grapefruit).
Promises of weight loss through tablets, without changing any other aspect of your lifestyle.
Recommendations to consume non-food items (cotton wool diet).
Promotion of eating one type of food (e.g cabbage soup diet, raw food diet).

If you are interested in discussing nutrition and a healthy considered approach to losing weight then please get in touch with one of our team.

How to Prepare for Your Marathon Race

Posted on May 10, 2024

How to Prepare for Your Marathon Race: A Comprehensive Guide to Success

Running a marathon is a significant achievement that requires months of dedicated training, mental preparation, and careful planning. Whether you’re a seasoned runner or tackling your first marathon, proper preparation is essential to crossing the finish line strong and injury-free. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll outline the key steps to help you prepare for your marathon race, from setting realistic goals to fine-tuning your training regimen and ensuring you’re ready for race day.

Setting Realistic Goals

Before diving into your marathon training, it’s crucial to establish realistic goals based on your fitness level, experience, and desired outcome. Whether your goal is to finish the race, achieve a personal best time, or qualify for a prestigious event, setting clear and achievable goals will guide your training and keep you motivated throughout the process.

Building Your Training Plan

A well-structured training plan is the foundation of marathon preparation. It should include a combination of running workouts, cross-training activities, rest days, and gradual mileage increases to build endurance and prevent injury. When designing your training plan, consider factors such as your current fitness level, weekly mileage, preferred training intensity, and available time for training.

Gradual Mileage Build-Up

One of the most critical aspects of marathon training is gradually increasing your weekly mileage to build endurance and prepare your body for the demands of race day. Start with a manageable base mileage and gradually increase your long run distance each week, following a structured progression to avoid overtraining and injury. Incorporate rest days and recovery runs into your schedule to allow your body to adapt and recover effectively.

Cross-Training and Strength Training

Incorporating cross-training activities and strength training into your marathon training plan can help improve overall fitness, prevent injury, and enhance running performance. Activities such as swimming, cycling, yoga, and strength training can complement your running workouts, strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and reduce the risk of overuse injuries. Aim to include cross-training sessions 1-2 times per week to supplement your running regimen.

Recovery Time for the body

It is important to set aside recovery periods and breaks in your training. This is to give your body time to recover. By having a de-load week after a 6 week training section, is a great way to take the foot off the pedal just enough for the body to catch up. Enlisting the help of a qualified sports therapist to give your body the once over, a running MOT and health check and maybe indulge in a sports massage or two during your training is a great option.

Nutrition and Hydration

Proper nutrition and hydration are essential components of marathon preparation, both during training and on race day. Fuel your body with a balanced diet rich in carbohydrates, protein, healthy fats, fruits, and vegetables to support energy levels, muscle recovery, and overall health. Experiment with different pre-run and post-run meals to find what works best for you and practise your race day nutrition strategy during long training runs to ensure it’s effective and well-tolerated.

Hydration is equally important, especially during long runs and in hot or humid conditions. Stay hydrated throughout the day by drinking water regularly and replenish electrolytes lost through sweat with sports drinks or electrolyte supplements. On race day, familiarise yourself with the course’s water stations and develop a hydration plan to ensure you stay properly hydrated from start to finish.

Race Day Preparation

Race day preparation begins long before the starting line. In the days leading up to the marathon, focus on adequate rest, proper nutrition, and mental visualisation to prepare your body and mind for the challenge ahead. Lay out your race day gear, including your running outfit, shoes, hydration pack or belt, nutrition, and any other essentials, the night before to minimise stress and ensure you have everything you need on race day.

On the morning of the marathon, wake up early to allow plenty of time for a light breakfast, hydration, and warm-up exercises. Arrive at the race venue early to avoid last-minute rushing and familiarise yourself with the course, start line procedures, and logistical details. Stay relaxed, focused, and positive as you await the start of the race, and trust in your training and preparation to carry you through to the finish line.

During the Race

Once the race begins, focus on pacing yourself according to your race strategy and staying mentally strong and positive throughout the journey. Listen to your body, adjust your pace as needed, and fuel and hydrate regularly to maintain energy levels and prevent fatigue. Break the race into manageable segments, focus on one mile at a time, and draw inspiration from fellow runners, spectators, and the excitement of the event.

Post-Race Recovery

After crossing the finish line, take time to celebrate your accomplishment and reflect on your marathon journey. Rehydrate, refuel with a post-race meal or snack, and engage in light stretching or foam rolling to aid in muscle recovery and reduce soreness. Listen to your body in the days following the marathon, and gradually reintroduce light exercise and movement to promote recovery and prevent injury.

Conclusion

Preparing for a marathon requires dedication, discipline, and careful planning, but the rewards of crossing the finish line are well worth the effort. By setting realistic goals, building a structured training plan, focusing on proper nutrition and hydration, and staying mentally strong and positive, you can maximise your chances of success on race day. Remember to enjoy the journey, celebrate your achievements along the way, and embrace the challenge of the marathon with confidence and determination. Good luck, and happy running!

If you are in need of some support, whether that’s nutrition, strength and conditioning or simply a sports massage, then don’t hesitate to contact our team today. They are highly qualified and have worked within elite sports for many years, so they will be the best people to help.

Resistance Training For Older Adults

Posted on February 9, 2024

Resistance training is a type of physical exercise that involves the use of resistance such as weights or resistance bands to help build strength and muscle mass. This is beneficial for all ages especially for older adults, as it helps the improvement of overall health and the quality of life.

Unfortunately, as we age muscle mass suffers from a yearly decline, however, using resistance training can prevent/slow down this decline. Some benefits from resistance training for older adults include:

Improved muscular function and movement
Improved balance and reduced fall risk
Maintenance of good health

Here are some tips for older adults looking to begin or continue resistance training:

1. Consulting with a healthcare professional: before starting a new program, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional, if you have any underlying health conditions.

2. Start slowly: beginning with lighter weights and fewer repetitions will gradually increase the improvement of strength and endurance. It’s also important to allow rest and recovery time between workouts.

3. Listening to your body: paying attention to how your body feels during or after training. Experiencing any pain or discomfort, it is required to stop the exercise and consult with a healthcare professional.

4. Incorporate variety: having a variety of exercises to target many different muscle groups and preventing boredom – exercise should be fun! This can help by preventing overuse injuries from repetitive movements.

Overall, resistance training can be a safe and effective form of exercise for older adults by providing proper guidance and caution to help the improvement of strength, balance and overall health.

Fast Food Facts To Consider

Posted on February 9, 2024

5 Fast Food Fast Facts To Make You Reconsider Tonight’s Takeaway

We’re all guilty of telephone-ordering a Chinese takeaway on a Friday night or popping into the chippy when we can’t be bothered to cook anything. Most don’t think anything of the food that they’re putting into their mouths – it tastes good, it’s satisfying and fills you up, so why not, right? Unfortunately, these kinds of greasy, fat-laden fast foods can be the worst offenders in your diet, so while you may be eating healthily most of the time, those cheeky burgers that you grab on the way back from work will all add up faster than you can say ‘McDonald’s famous Chicken McNuggets contain 50% blood vessels, nerves, bones and feathers’.

Wait, what?

1. Chicken McNuggets only contain 50% chicken.
And the other half is composed of all of the bits of the chicken that nobody else wanted – specifically, ground bones, blood vessels, nerves, connective tissue, feathers, and…well, just pure fat. But considering the rest of the list, fat is probably the part that you’re least worried about.

Try this instead: A grilled chicken breast with salad. All the good stuff of the nuggets (however small that percentage may be) with up to 0.5g less saturated fat and 33g more protein per one single breast than four whole nuggets.

2. Pizza can give you heart attacks.
Not directly. But studies show that the saturated fats in pizzas can lead to a build-up of LDL cholesterol in your arteries, which in turn leads to an increased risk of heart disease and strokes.

Try this instead: Reducing the fat content in your pizzas by opting for thin, whole-wheat crusts and reducing your cheese, bulking up the slices with veggies like onions and peppers instead. If you really can’t do without a lot of cheese on your pizza, try making your own homemade ones and using half-fat mozzarella instead.

3.. Chicken tikka masala isn’t even authentically Indian.
Strictly speaking, chicken tikka itself is pretty good – chicken is low-fat and high-protein, and yoghurt contains plenty of protein and calcium. But the ‘masala’ part (the curry) has become so refined and catered to those savoury ‘Friday night curry’ cravings that it’s hardly a good representation of authentic Indian food at this point, not to mention that most takeaway chicken tikka masala dishes average out at around 1,300 calories per meal. The ingredients may look healthy, but then they’re combined with very generous portions of cream blended into the curry sauce and the whole thing becomes a high-fat and hopefully infrequent treat.

Try this instead: Homemade chicken tikka. Fresh chicken breast marinated in yoghurt, garlic and ginger and cooked dry – some supermarkets even sell the pre-marinated chicken tikka pieces, which average at around 200 calories a portion. Serve with salad and chapati, and you’ve shaved those extra 1,100 calories off your weekend indulgence.

4. Your average Chinese takeaway meal actually makes you take in an extra glass…
…of pure fat. While everyone likes to indulge, and wine with meals is pretty common, most would agree that a whole wine glass of fat in one meal is excessive. Sweet and sour chicken alone can typically contain up to 1,400 calories and 41g of saturated fats, and while the vegetable options might seem like a safe choice for those watching what they eat, they’re usually doused in oil or other sauces for flavouring that can triple the calorie content.

Try this instead: There are many healthy Chinese food recipes floating around the Internet. Stir fry is generally a good option, and can be the best one to go for if your heart is set on ordering from the place down the road. But with fresh vegetables and chicken and no processed foods or oils, making it at home could save you up to 1,000 extra calories (and it’s just as delicious).

5. Deep-fried Mars bars exist.
In case you were wondering, they’re around 800 calories. And no, their birthplace isn’t America – it’s humble old Glasgow.

Try this instead: You can’t mess with perfection, so just stick to a regular Mars bar and save yourself the indignity.

If you’re thinking that it’s time to kick these bad fast food habits to the kerb, book yourself onto one of LiveWell Health’s personal training programmes just in time for the new year. For more information on pricing and the services that we provide, contact us on 07939 212 739 or drop us an email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk.

Fibromyalgia

Posted on February 6, 2024

Fibromyalgia is a complex medical condition that affects the musculoskeletal system and can cause chronic widespread pain, tenderness, and fatigue. The diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of of this condition are still being studied and remain a subject of debate in the medical community. Despite this, the American College of Rheumatology has established classification criteria that consider multiple tender points and chronic widespread pain to be the hallmark symptoms of the condition.
Fibromyalgia is a common condition that affects people of all ages and ethnicities, with a symptom prevalence ranging from 2% to 4% in the general population. However, the actual number of individuals who are diagnosed with fibromyalgia is much lower.
The pathogenesis of fibromyalgia is not well understood, but it is thought to be a result of a complex interaction between biological and psychosocial factors. There is no specific test for fibromyalgia.

Anatomy

Fibromyalgia affects the musculoskeletal system, including the muscles, tendons, and ligaments. It is also associated with the nervous system, as it affects the way the brain processes pain signals. People with fibromyalgia may experience widespread pain and tenderness in various parts of the body, including the neck, back, shoulders, and hips. Additionally, fibromyalgia can also cause symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, headaches, and cognitive dysfunction (often referred to as “fibro fog”).

Symptoms

Fibromyalgia symptoms include:
• Widespread pain
• Increased sensitivity to pain
• Muscle stiffness
• Difficulty sleeping, leading to fatigue
• “Fibro-fog” affecting mental processes such as memory and concentration
• Headaches
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with stomach pain and bloating
• Frustration, worry, or low mood.
Note: Fibromyalgia symptoms can be unpredictable and may worsen or improve suddenly.

Causes

The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. For example, genetics may play a role in a person’s susceptibility to fibromyalgia, while stress, trauma, and infections may trigger the onset of symptoms. Additionally, some research suggests that fibromyalgia may be associated with imbalances in certain brain chemicals that regulate pain, sleep, and mood.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of fibromyalgia can be challenging because its symptoms are often similar to those of other conditions, such as arthritis, lupus, and chronic fatigue syndrome. To diagnose fibromyalgia, a doctor will perform a thorough physical examination and ask about the patient’s medical history and symptoms. There are no specific tests to diagnose fibromyalgia, but a doctor may order imaging studies, such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, to rule out other underlying conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for this condition is aimed at managing the symptoms of the condition. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but there are several effective treatments that can help relieve the pain and improve quality of life. Some common treatments for fibromyalgia include pain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and prescription pain relievers, as well as physical therapy, exercise, and other forms of therapy, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction. Additionally, some people with fibromyalgia find relief from complementary therapies, such as massage, acupuncture, and chiropractic care.

Prevention

There is no known way to prevent this condition, but there are steps you can take to manage its symptoms and improve your quality of life. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, can help reduce stress and improve sleep. Additionally, practicing stress-management techniques, such as meditation and mindfulness, can help reduce anxiety and depression, which are often associated with fibromyalgia.

In conclusion, fibromyalgia is a complex and poorly understood condition that affects the musculoskeletal system and nervous system. While there is no cure for fibromyalgia, there are several effective treatments that can help relieve the pain and improve quality of life. If you think you may have fibromyalgia, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

If you are suffering from this condition, our exercise professionals can help. Contact us through our email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk or call us on 0330 043 2501.

Why should you learn how to lift weights?

Posted on January 25, 2024

Why should you learn how to lift weights?

There are many reasons why learning how to lift weights can be beneficial to your overall health and well-being. Here are some of the main reasons:

Strength and muscle development: Lifting weights is one of the best ways to increase your strength and build muscle. Regular strength training can help you increase muscle mass, which can help you burn more calories and improve your overall body composition.
Improved bone density: Resistance training has been shown to help improve bone density, which can be especially important for older adults or individuals at risk for osteoporosis.
Better metabolic health: Strength training can improve your metabolic health by increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation; This can help reduce your risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Increased functional fitness: Strength training can also help improve your overall fitness and ability to perform everyday tasks such as carrying groceries, climbing stairs, or lifting heavy objects.
Better mental health: Exercise, including lifting weights, has been shown to have a positive impact on mental health by reducing stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms.

Learning to lift weights can help you build strength, improve your body composition, reduce your risk of chronic diseases, and enhance your mental well-being.

If you want to know more about correct technique or would like professional advice from one of our personal trainers then please get in touch. Furthermore, if you are including weight lifting into your regime and they are causing you some aches and pains, then we can help there too with our specialist sports massage service. For more information on how these types of massage could help you, contact us on 07939 212 739 or drop us an email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk

Exercises to target the glutes?

Posted on January 25, 2024

Exercises to target the glutes?

Here are some exercises that can help strengthen and tone the glutes:

Squats: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and lower your body as if sitting in a chair. Keep your knees aligned with your toes and push back up through your heels.
Lunges: Step forward with one foot and lower your body until your front knee is bent at a 90-degree angle. Keep your back knee off the ground and push back up through your front heel. Repeat with the other leg.
Deadlifts: Stand with your feet hip-width apart and hold a barbell or dumbbell in front of your thighs. Hinge at the hips and lower the weight towards the ground, keeping your back flat. Squeeze your glutes to come back up to standing.
Glute bridges: Lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat on the ground. Lift your hips towards the ceiling, squeezing your glutes at the top. Lower back down and repeat.
Step-ups: Step onto a box or bench with one foot and drive your opposite knee towards your chest. Step back down and repeat with the other leg.

Remember to start with light weights and gradually increase them as you get stronger. It’s also essential to maintain proper form to avoid injury.

If you want to know more about correct technique or would like professional advice from one of our personal trainers then please get in touch. Furthermore, if you are including glute exercises into your regime and they are causing you some aches and pains, then we can help there too with our specialist sports massage service. For more information on how these types of massage could help you, contact us on 07939 212 739 or drop us an email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk

Exercises to help with lower back pain

Posted on January 25, 2024

Exercises to help with lower back pain

Stretching

Child Pose:

Begin on your hands and knees, with your knees hip-width apart and your feet together.
Lower your hips back towards your heels while stretching your arms out in front of you.
Rest your forehead on the ground and hold the pose for 30-60 seconds, breathing deeply.

Cat/Cow Poses:

Begin on your hands and knees, with your wrists under your shoulders and your knees under your hips.
Inhale and arch your back, lifting your head and tailbone towards the ceiling (Cow pose).
Exhale and round your spine towards the ceiling, tucking your chin to your chest and bringing your tailbone towards your knees (Cat pose).
Repeat the sequence several times, moving smoothly between the two poses.

Knee to Chest with Rotation:

Lie flat on your back with your legs extended.
Bend your right knee and bring it towards your chest.
Keep your left leg extended on the ground and hold onto your right knee with both hands.
Rotate your right knee to the left, keeping your right shoulder on the ground.
Repeat on the other side.

Both Knees to Chest:

Lie flat on your back with your legs extended.
Bend both knees and bring them towards your chest.
Hold onto your knees with both hands and breathe deeply, feeling the stretch in your lower back.
Release the pose and repeat several times.

Figure 4 Stretch:

Lie flat on your back with your legs extended.
Bend your right knee and place your ankle on your left knee.
Reach through your legs and hold onto your left thigh.
Pull your left knee towards your chest, feeling the stretch in your right glutes and hip.
Repeat on the other side.

Sitting Spinal Stretch:

Sit on the floor with your legs crossed.
Reach your arms up overhead, interlocking your fingers and stretching your spine.
Keep your back straight and hold the pose for 30-60 seconds, breathing deeply.

Hamstring Stretch with Towel:

Sit on the floor with your legs extended in front of you.
Loop a towel around the sole of your right foot and hold the ends of the towel with both hands.
Keeping your knee straight, lift your right foot towards the ceiling until you feel a stretch in your hamstring.
Hold the stretch for 30-60 seconds, breathing deeply.
Repeat on the other side.

Strengthening

Dead Bug:

Lie flat on your back with your arms extended overhead and legs in the air, bent at a 90-degree angle at the knees.
Lower your left arm and right leg toward the floor at the same time, keeping your lower back pressed into the floor.
Return to the starting position and repeat on the other side, lowering your right arm and left leg.

Bird Dog:

Begin on your hands and knees, keeping your hands directly under your shoulders and your knees under your hips.
Simultaneously extend your right arm and left leg, keeping your back flat and your core engaged.
Hold for a few seconds and then return to the starting position.
Repeat with your left arm and right leg.

Forearm Plank:

Start in a push-up position, but instead of resting on your hands, rest on your forearms.
Keep your body in a straight line from head to heels and engage your core to maintain stability.
Hold for 30-60 seconds, or as long as you can maintain proper form.

Lying Windshield Wipers:

Lie flat on your back with your arms extended out to the sides.
Raise your legs until they are perpendicular to the floor.
Slowly lower your legs to one side, keeping your lower back pressed into the floor.
Bring your legs back to the center and then lower them to the other side.

Slow Mountain Climber:

Start in a push-up position with your hands directly under your shoulders.
Slowly bring your right knee toward your chest, then return to the starting position.
Repeat with your left knee.
Continue alternating knees, keeping your core engaged and your back flat.

Hanging Knee Raises:

Hang from a pull-up bar with your palms facing away from your body.
Engage your core and raise your knees toward your chest.
Lower your legs back down and repeat for the desired number of repetitions.

If you want to know more about correct technique or would like professional advice from one of our personal trainers then please get in touch. Furthermore, if you are including lower back exercises into your regime and they are causing you some aches and pains, then we can help there too with our specialist sports massage service. For more information on how these types of massage could help you, contact us on 07939 212 739 or drop us an email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk

Why rest isn’t always the best?

Posted on January 25, 2024

Why rest isn’t always the best?

Overview

Most often when attaining a soft tissue injury, the acronym RICE (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) was advised to reduce blood flow to the affected area, and ease symptoms. However, resting an acute injury is becoming less evident, due to risk of re-injury increasing when returning to sport or activity, where tissues exceed their capacity. Instead, optimally loading the injured area to a tolerable degree, through isometric or range of motion exercises, could reduce recovery time and the risk of re-injury.

Resting as a Deconditioning Factor

After attaining an injury, the natural thought is directed towards resting the injured limb, allowing symptoms to ease. However, the reduction in physical activity also decreases the tissue capacity, making the body’s capacity to handle the load of sport or exercise programme difficult. As such, the risk of re-injury increases upon returning to sport. A sensible approach after attaining an acute injury, is to not completely rest after the occurrence, and instead maintain strength and range of motion through light exercises and avoid certain sports or activities that trigger pain. Before returning to sport, adequate time of recovery is essential to avoid exceeding the body’s capacity and risk another injury.

The Cross Over Effect

As for injuries that require rest, such as fractures, training the rest of the body can help overall recovery time and return to sport at a quicker and easier rate. Newer studies have also found a “cross over effect” whereby training the opposing and uninjured limb (contralateral strength training), can increase strength in the injured side, of up to 39%. Essentially, training the healthy side helps reduce muscle atrophy and instead increase strength, making return to sport easier and recovery time quicker.

End Message

Resting is often perceived as a sensible approach and is recommended after an injury. However, strengthening the injured area to what it can tolerate, as soon as possible can speed up recovery, and maintain conditioning of the body, that is important to avoid re-injury occurrence when returning to sport or activity. Newer research has also proposed contralateral strength training (strengthening the uninjured side), to increase strength on the resting side of the body. The key is to not completely rest, and instead maintain strength of the body for a gradual return to full recovery.

Shoulder Impingement

Posted on January 25, 2024

Shoulder impingement is a common condition that occurs when there is a compression of the rotator cuff tendons and bursa (a fluid-filled sac) between the acromion (a bony prominence on the shoulder blade) and the head of the humerus (upper arm bone). It is also known as subacromial impingement. This condition can occur in both athletes and non-athletes, and is more common in individuals over the age of 40. Subacromial impingement is a common condition caused by compression of the rotator cuff tendons and bursa between the acromion and the head of the humerus. It is often accompanied by rotator cuff tendinitis, which is inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons. If left untreated, it can lead to partial or full thickness rotator cuff tears. Treatment options include physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent progression and reduce risk of tears.

Anatomy

Shoulder impingement, also known as subacromial impingement, is a condition that occurs when there is compression of the rotator cuff tendons and the bursa between the acromion and the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that attach the humerus to the scapula, and acromion is a bony prominence that forms the roof of the shoulder joint. Impingement occurs when the space between the acromion and the head of the humerus becomes narrowed, causing the tendons and bursa to be compressed against the acromion. Common causes of impingement include anatomic variations of the acromion, degeneration of the rotator cuff tendons, overuse and trauma. Factors such as obesity, smoking, and diabetes can also contribute to the development of impingement, resulting in pain and weakness in the shoulder.

Diagnosis

Shoulder impingement is diagnosed through a combination of a physical examination, patient history, and imaging studies. The orthopedic surgeon will assess range of motion, strength, and pain in the affected shoulder, and perform specific tests such as the Neer test or Hawkins-Kennedy test. Imaging studies like X-ray or MRI can reveal degenerative changes in the bones and inflammation or tears in the rotator cuff tendons. A diagnosis of impingement is typically made when the patient has pain and weakness in the shoulder, and the physical examination and imaging studies reveal evidence of impingement. In some cases, a diagnostic injection may be done to confirm the diagnosis and to help to determine the best course of treatment.

Treatment

Shoulder impingement treatment usually begins with conservative measures such as rest, ice, and physical therapy. Medication and corticosteroid injections may also be used to reduce pain and inflammation. In more severe cases, or cases that don’t respond to conservative treatment, surgery such as subacromial decompression may be necessary. This involves removing a small portion of the acromion to create more space for the rotator cuff tendons and bursa. Physical therapy and exercises are essential for recovery after surgery. The treatment of shoulder impingement depends on the underlying cause of the condition and the severity of the symptoms.

Exercises

Pendulum exercises: This exercise helps to gently move the shoulder and improve range of motion. Stand with your good arm leaning on a table or wall for support, and let the affected arm hang down. Use your body weight to gently move the arm in small circles.
Isometric rotator cuff exercises: These exercises involve contracting the rotator cuff muscles without moving the arm. An example is the “empty can” exercise, which involves holding a light weight with the arm at a 90-degree angle to the body and squeezing the shoulder blade towards the spine.
Scapular stabilisation exercises: These exercises help to strengthen the muscles that support the shoulder blade, such as the serratus anterior and the trapezius. An example is the “wall slide” exercise, which involves sliding the back against a wall while keeping the arms and elbows in contact with the wall.
Theraband exercises: This exercise helps to improve the strength of the rotator cuff muscles, such as the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus. An example is the “external rotation” exercise, which involves holding the theraband in one hand and turning the arm outwards against the resistance of the band.
Strengthening exercises: To improve shoulder strength, it’s recommended to do exercises such as shoulder press, lat pulldown, and rows. These exercises can be performed with free weights or resistance bands.

It’s important to note that exercises should be performed under the guidance of a physical therapist or other healthcare professional, to ensure that they are performed correctly and to avoid further injury.

Prevention

Maintain good posture: Keeping your shoulders back and down will help to reduce the stress on your rotator cuff tendons and decrease the risk of impingement.
Strengthen the rotator cuff muscles: Performing exercises that target these muscles can help to improve their strength and stability, which in turn can help to prevent impingement.
Avoid repetitive overhead motions: Repetitive motions like throwing a ball or lifting weights over your head can put stress on the rotator cuff tendons and increase the risk of impingement.
Take breaks when doing repetitive tasks: If you do a lot of overhead work or other repetitive tasks, take regular breaks to give your shoulders a rest.
Use proper technique when lifting: Using proper form when lifting can help to reduce the stress on your shoulder and decrease the risk of impingement.
Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight can put extra stress on your shoulders and increase the risk of impingement.
Avoid smoking: Smoking is associated with increased risk of impingement due to the decreased blood flow and oxygenation in the shoulder.
Control chronic conditions: If you have a chronic condition such as diabetes, it’s important to control it to avoid the risk of impingement.
Wear the right equipment: If you play sports or engage in other activities that put your shoulders at risk, wear the appropriate protective gear to help prevent injury.
Listen to your body: if you experience pain or discomfort in your shoulder, it’s important to seek medical attention, rest the shoulder and avoid activities that exacerbate the pain.

If you want to know more about correct technique or would like professional advice from one of our personal trainers then please get in touch. Furthermore, if you are including shoulder exercsises into your regime and they are causing you some aches and pains, then we can help there too with our specialist sports massage service. For more information on how these types of massage could help you, contact us on 07939 212 739 or drop us an email at info@livewellhealth.co.uk

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